He aha te Anthocyanin?

Te āhua o ngā Anthocyanins
Kei roto ngā anthocyanin i tētahi momo matū e mōhiotia ana ko ngā flavonoid, he momo polyphenol. He tae wairewa-wai ēnei e kitea ana i roto i ngā vacuole o ngā pūtau tipu. Ka rerekē te tae o ngā anthocyanin i runga i te pH o te taiao, ka puta ngā tae whero i roto i ngā āhuatanga waikawa, ā, ka puta ngā tae kikorangi i roto i ngā āhuatanga kawakore. Nā tēnei āhuatanga ahurei ka whai hua ngā anthocyanin hei tohu pH tūturu.
He hanganga matua ngā anthocyanin e kiia nei ko te anthocyanidin, e piri ana ki tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā ngota huka. Ko ngā anthocyanin tino kitea ko te cyanidin, te delphinidin, te pelargonidin, te peonidin, te petunidin, me te malvidin. Ka kitea ēnei anthocyanin i roto i ngā huinga me ngā ōwehenga rerekē i roto i ngā momo tipu rerekē, ā, ka puta he whānuitanga o ngā tae me ngā āhuatanga matū.

Ngā Pūtake o ngā Anthocyanin
He whānui te horapa o ngā anthocyanin i roto i te taiao, ā, ka kitea i roto i ngā hua, huawhenua, me ngā putiputi maha. Ko ētahi o ngā puna nui rawa atu o ngā anthocyanin ko ngā hua pēnei i te purūpere, te parakipere, te rāhipere, me te rōpere. Kei roto hoki i ētahi atu hua pēnei i te cheri, te karepe, me te paramu he nui ngā anthocyanin. Haunga ngā hua, he puna pai ngā huawhenua pēnei i te kāpeti whero, te riki whero, me te aubergine mō ēnei tae.
Ko te tae o ngā putiputi, inā koa ko te whero, te papura, me te kikorangi, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i te aroaro o ngā anthocyanin. Ko ētahi tauira o ngā putiputi he nui ngā anthocyanin ko ngā rōhi, ngā pansies, me ngā petunia. Ko te kanorau o ngā puna tipu kei roto ngā anthocyanin he maha ngā whai wāhitanga hei whakauru i ēnei matū ki roto i te kai a te tangata.

Ngā Hua Hauora o ngā Anthocyanins
Kua roa ngā rangahau e pā ana ki ngā anthocyanin nā te mea he pai pea mō te hauora. He kaha ngā āhuatanga antioxidant o ēnei matū, e āwhina ana ki te tiaki i ngā pūtau mai i te kino o te waikura i puta mai i ngā rauropi kore utu. Kua honoa te ahotea waikura ki ngā mate pūmau maha, tae atu ki te mate pukupuku, ngā mate pūnaha toto, me ngā mate pūnaha io. Mā te whakakore i ngā rauropi kore utu, ka whai wāhi ngā anthocyanin ki te ārai i ēnei mate.
Haunga ō rātou pānga antioxidant, kua whakaatuhia he āhuatanga anti-inflammatory ngā anthocyanins. Ko te mumura mau tonu tetahi o ngā take matua o te maha o ngā mate, ā, ko te kaha o ngā anthocyanins ki te whakaiti i te mumura ka pā pai ki te hauora whānui. Kua whakaatuhia hoki e ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā anthocyanins te tautoko i te hauora o te pūnaha cardiovascular mā te whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā oko toto me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, kua honoa ngā anthocyanin ki te whakapai ake i te mahi hinengaro me te hauora o te roro. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka āwhina pea ēnei matū ki te tiaki i te hekenga o te hinengaro e pā ana ki te koroheketanga me ngā mate neurodegenerative pērā i te mate a Alzheimer me te mate a Parkinson. Ko ngā pānga tiaki io ​​pea o ngā anthocyanin ka waiho hei wāhanga rangahau whakamere mō te aukati me te whakahaere i ngā mate io.

Ngā Whakamahinga Pea o ngā Anthocyanins
Nā ngā painga hauora o ngā anthocyanin i whakaurua ai ki roto i ngā momo hua kai me inu. Ka whakamahia ngā tangohanga whai anthocyanin hei tae kai māori, hei whakakapi i ngā tae hangai. Ka whakamahia ēnei tae māori hei whakarei ake i te ataahua o ngā hua pēnei i ngā wai hua, ngā miraka kawa, ngā aihikirīmi, me ngā mea reka. Nā te hiahia mō ngā kai māori me ngā kai reka kua akiaki i te whakamahinga o ngā anthocyanin i roto i te umanga kai.

Haunga te whakamahinga hei tae kai, kei te tūhuratia ngā anthocyanin mō ā rātou tono rongoā pea. Kei te rangahautia ngā tangohanga kei roto ngā taumata teitei o te anthocyanin mō tā rātou mahi i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā kai mahi me ngā tāpiringa kai e aro ana ki te whakatairanga i te hauora me te oranga. Kei te rangahauhia hoki e te umanga rongoā te kaha o ngā anthocyanin ki te whanaketanga o ngā rongoā hou mō ngā momo mate hauora.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, kua whakaatu te umanga whakapaipai i te hiahia ki ngā anthocyanin nā ō rātou āhuatanga antioxidant me te anti-inflammatory. Kei te whakauruhia ēnei matū ki roto i ngā hua tiaki kiri hei tiaki i a rātou mai i ngā taumahatanga taiao me te whakatairanga i te hauora o te kiri. Ko te takenga mai o ngā anthocyanin me ngā hua pai e meinga ana hei kai tino pai mō te hanga hua whakapaipai.

Whakamutunga
Ko ngā anthocyanin he tae taiao e kitea ana i roto i te tini o ngā tipu, e tuku ana i ngā tae kanapa me ngā painga hauora maha. Nā ō rātou pānga antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, me te tiaki io ​​pea, ka waiho hei matū whai hua mō te whakatairanga i te hauora whānui me te oranga. I te haere tonu o ngā rangahau ki te hura i ngā whakamahinga pea o ngā anthocyanin, tera pea ka whānui ake tō rātou aroaro i roto i te kai, te inu, te rongoā, me ngā hua whakapaipai, ka taea ai e ngā kaihoko te uru atu ki ngā painga o ēnei matū whakamiharo.

Ngā Tohutoro:
He, J., Giusti, MM (2010). Ngā Anthocyanin: Ngā Tae Taiao me ngā Āhuatanga Whakatairanga Hauora. Arotake ā-Tau o te Pūtaiao Kai me te Hangarau, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015). Ngā Anthocyanin. Ngā Whakatairanga i te Kai, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Te Take mō te Kai Anthocyanin hei Whakatairanga i te Hauora Tangata: He Arotake. Arotake Whānui i roto i te Pūtaiao Kai me te Haumaru Kai, 12(5), 483-508.